I'm thinking of ways to help people move from established software to more open, flexible forms that don't lock them to another organization.

Short but honestly good advise to rather pull boolean checks apart and re-group them as they make sense in the context of the given situation you're checking for.

I started doing this when building an alert-check system for the company I'm working for right now, and it really helps organize what is a pre-condition, what a syntactical requirement, etc etc.

Befreak is a purely reversible two-dimensional programming language. It was inspired by the Chris Pressey's Befunge programming language. Like Befunge, all Befreak instructions are written as a single character, and execution can flow north, south, east, and west.

The thing that makes Befreak special is its reversibility. Every instruction in Befreak is by its very nature reversible. At any point during execution, if you'd like, you can pause the system, toggle the "reverse" flag, and then upon resuming, the program will run itself backwards from its current state, eventually ending up at the very beginning, where it started. This feature is not accomplished by keeping a history of past states, but simply by virtue of the fact that each individual instruction is reversible. This means that Befreak contains no instructions that can destroy information; this can make programming in the language both challenging and interesting.

Example program (prints prime numbers):

    /1)@(1\         
    >)1=1(<         
    \'(v?)/         
       >'%s(\       
     ^ >*s)=/       
     >=<            
     (              
/s'0v^?w23(v`s]:(48\
[   (      )       +
)   =      =       4
0   c      c       8
1   =      =       )
%   )      (       w
\01(^      ^)01*01(/

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ml/post/15035821

Muscle memory is causing all kinds of problems.

In this video, I will demonstrate how we can easily insert 3D models or complete 3D scenes into the environment of our 2D game in Godot 4. Let's see how this is done using the SubViewport node.

The maintainer here! Feel free to ask questions. I know especially CAM16 can feel a bit abstract if you aren't in the loop, but I will try to answer what I can. I have tried my best to explain the concepts in the docs, but it can always be better.

Feedback on open source royalty license?

I'm about to release a library, and do not want to use a normal free license like the MIT, Apache, or the GPL. I want to keep the license simple and easy to understand. It also would be considered a non-free license, as it requires a royalty payment. Though, the royalty would not be directly to this library, but open source repositories in general. This is what I had considered so far.

• 5% of generated income (per profit generating product) paid as royalty yearly to "approved open source repositories" if income is above $1,000,000/year. It's free if income is below that amount. The goal is to be similar to Unreal's license.
• All repostiories on GitHub.com that meet these requirements are "approved open source repositories"
  • They have more than or equal to 1000 stars
    • I'm aware that stars can be purchased, but this is against GitHub's TOS and the case for fraud is more obvious. Intentionally purchasing stars with the intent of not paying royalty is similar to just not paying the royalty
  • The royalty must be paid between at least 10 repositories, with no more than 10% to a single repository
    • I might provide some lists with easy methods for averaged mass payments to like 100s or 1000s of repositories, but if they want to use discretion, it's allowed. They are just prevented from contributing everything to 1 repository.
  • They cannot be the same repository or project that is paying a royalty, but the same organization is approved as long the individual repository meets the requirements
    • The intent is to partially reward companies with many highly starred open source contributions, but their use level is on their own PR. I also dislike the idea of verifying and tracking identities of different library authors, as I like to create repositories without them being associated with my name. Though, I do think that it makes sense for stars. (The developers providing stars would technically be voting on who should be elgible for financial contributions)
• After 5 years, the license transitions automatically into MIT or public domain for the version used. Though, new versions could still be under the same license.
• License is automatically compatible with licenses that use the same wording.
  • No extra royalty if another dependency also uses this license
  • If the other license raises or lowers the royalty rate, it's still compatible, with the royalty rate being the higher of the two.
  • It's also compatible if the amount of repositories is raised above 10 by limiting percentages more.
  • And, also compatible if the star threshold is raised.
• If GitHub removes stars, the existing approved repositories at the time of removal will persist as royalty options, but no new options will be automatically defined. (As the copyright holder, I still maintain the right to increase approved repostiories at anytime by issuing under a new license)
• No liability. The liability is still similar to MIT, Apache, GPL, etc.
• Royalty is paid by taxable year, follows tax season for US.
  • Chosen repositories by the payer must be listed on the license
    • Inclusion must link GitHub URL, payment amount, year
  • The license must be distributed in the same location as all other distributed licenses in their application
• Just like the MIT or Apache license, the license cannot be revoked unless the licensed company decides to break the law, sue the license issuer, etc. No expectation of support, etc.
• The source can be modified. Usage of it does not need to stay open source.
• (Maybe, if possible) - Provide GitHub the ability to sue companies in noncompliance for a 10% reward of the settlement after lawyer fees.
• (Maybe) - Include Codeberg too. Though, I'm concerned other developers will be less likely to use a license of this type if they don't recognize the organization.

The motivation is just that I believe it's possible for a license like this to work. Tech companies frequently use a similar income model for their products and do not have issues paying Apple their 30% tax. There's often a expectation that companies contribute back to open source repositories, so I view 5% as an easy amount to meet. (Companies should already be contributing back at a level to where this license is viewed as free) Though, I don't expect any large company to move fast on a license of this type.

I've considered a license like this in the past, but thought about it again when Microsoft requested support for FFmpeg when their engineer hadn't read documentation. When requesting a support contract, Microsoft offered $2000. This was viewed as insulting to the FFmpeg developers as Microsoft generates billions of dollars in income every year while using their software in their products.

Large companies, like Microsoft and Google, pay Apple 30% to list their products. (30% of a billion is 300 million, 150,000x more than $2k) I don't think spending the money is the issue, they just frequently refuse until they are without options.

I haven't consulted a lawyer for it. I'm just interested in understanding how it is perceived. I also am willing to consider significant changes, but I haven't had better ideas for creating a license for funding open source.

As for my library

• It's unimportant, in a niche, and blockchain related
• I wrote it for personal use
• It won't bother me if the license just completely fails or is impossible to enforce. (Though, Unreal Engine uses a 5% royalty license that seems successful)
• It also won't be elgible for part of the royalty until it meets the same requirements.
• I expect developers who might use it will not be generating above $1m, so they won't care that it's not under MIT, Apache, GPL, etc.

Any suggested changes if I decide to do something like this? As an example, larger/lower star requirement? (I was concerned of excluding really high quality software that just hasn't received notice by other developers) I also like the idea of changing the maximum contribution to 1% per repository as I think it could become difficult for companies to exploit. (Though, I was concerned that companies acting in good faith would be encouraged to not support really good projects that badly need financial contributions) I also think same organization contributions seem bad to approve, but my opinion for allowing it is because developers are rating these repositories as highly appreciated. (They're contributing really high quality open source software) Is this a bad idea or seem too complicated?

Hi rustaceans! What are you working on this week? Did you discover something new, you want to share?

Would love to hear any suggestions, feedback or comments.

I am professionally a software developer for 8 years and I simply don't have ideas for personal projects (Can't find any problem that I can fix with programming). At times I feel like that's natural and I shouldn't worry about it. But on the other hand, I do like to imagine having something personal that I can work on so that even if some days on my main job are not satisfying, I can always work on my hobby project and find that missing satisfaction.

End goal here is obviously to get better sleep as sometimes my mind feels dissatisfied with the day's work.

Funnily, I day-dream about the idea of already having done the boring parts (simply manifesting a project that already exists) of some personal project and only solving exciting problems in relation to adding a new feature or exciting aspects.

This creates a problem as I hate staring at a blank file not knowing what to write.

This was a really good summary of what Rust feels like in my opinion. I'm still a beginner myself but I recognize what this article is saying very much.

The hacker news comments are as usual very good too:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40172033