dsilverz

joined 2 months ago
[–] [email protected] -3 points 9 hours ago (6 children)

Because of community and instance rules.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 18 hours ago (1 children)

While I previously had a Reddit account (which I don't really used in a frequent basis), I found about Lemmy through Mastodon, which in turn I found about through my search for social network alternative platforms. Turns out I've been participating at Lemmy more often through the entire 3 months I've been here than I participated at Reddit throughout more than a decade (I joined Reddit in 2012 IIRC).

[–] [email protected] 6 points 21 hours ago* (last edited 21 hours ago)

historically we’ve been using AM at lower frequencies, and these travel further

While I agree with that statement...

AM doesn’t reach further than FM

... i disagree here. Yes it kinda does, and there's why: FM deteriorates with phase shifting introduced by phenomena such as ionospheric reflection, while AM is more resilient to it because it encodes information as amplitude variations instead of frequency (and therefore, implicit phases) variations. Also, FM needs more bandwidth than AM. Also, the overlay of two or more simultaneous AM transmissions is "more understandable" than two or more simultaneous FM transmissions laying on the same frequency. Both the three are the reasons why the modern aviation continues to use AM for comm between TWR and airplanes, as an example. Not just by historical reasons, it's because AM is more resilient than FM.

By "reaching further", I don't mean the range of propagation because, as you correctly said, it has more to do about wavelength and, therefore, the carrier frequency. By "reaching further", I actually mean the capability for the signal to be correctly demodulated and minimally understandable at the end. If a signal can propagate across hundreds of thousands of kilometers (for example, between Earth and the Moon), but it can't be recognizable at the other point (because the phases are all messed up to the point of being unable to be demodulated), then the signal (as in the content to be transmitted/received) couldn't really "reach further".

Here goes an example: I live in Brazil, in the southeast. I was in Sao Paulo state (not the city) when I once managed to receive an English-spoken CB (Citizen Band, 11 meters, approx. 27MHz) transmission. Most of our neighboring countries are Spanish-speakers, the only nearest English-speaking country is Guyana (the nearest corner close to Jatapu River being 3,000 km from Sao Paulo in straight line), but I could tell by the operator accent that he was not from Guyana. The reception would be almost crystal-clear, if my receiving setup were better (I was using a RTL-SDR with a piece of long wire barely touching the outside of the antenna's jack). While there are repeaters for CB, they're not as common as VHF or UHF repeaters, where you can even find, for example, EchoLink repeaters, so the international transmission really made into my Brazilian home, and it was even daylight! I only could tell the signal because it was AM modulated.

When we talk about deep space communication, sure some things change, but most of the same rules apply.

These radio telescopes don’t transmit anything at all,

Back in 1974, the former Arecibo radiotelescope was used to transmit the famous Arecibo message (some sources Wikipedia and Universe Today). So, while they're most used for reception, they can be (and they were) used for transmitting as well. It's not a straightforward thing, it's not simply a switch to be toggled receive-or-transmit because they involve different electronic circuitry, but the structure, the dishes and the antenna, can both transmit and receive: for reception, it just interacts with electromagnetic fields, which induces an oscillating electrical current all the way through the structure until it's filtered (through electronic components such as variable capacitors) and amplified by a receiver circuit, while as for transmission, it conducts an oscillating electrical current and irradiates it, depending on the antenna shape and properties.

Much like a normal telescope doesn’t transmit light.

It's also a possible thing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Laser_Ranging_experiments#List_of_retroreflectors

[–] [email protected] 20 points 1 day ago (5 children)

I once saw a video of a person touching a grounded sausage to the metallic structure of an AM radio tower, the transmission was audible as the sausage was being zapped. If there's a merely conductible thing grounded near the tower, I guess it'll sort of "coil whine" (a well-known phenomenon when electrical components physically vibrate due to the passage of current), converting to sound whatever it's being transmitted at the moment. This includes the tower structure itself, if the electrical grounding isn't properly done or if there's some grounding leak. Otherwise, a grounded thing touching the tower would suffice to convert the transmission into sound, if those radio-telescopes use AM modulation (I'd guess they do, because AM modulation is known for reaching longer distances than FM).

[–] [email protected] 17 points 1 day ago

Let S be an endless string which is a concatenation of every binary counting in succession, starting from zero all the way to infinity (without left zero-padding):

S = 01101110010111011110001001101010111100110111101111...
(from concatenating 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001, and so far)

Let S' be a set of every sequential group of octets (8 bits) from string S, which can be represented as a base-10 number (between 0 and 255), like so:

S'_2 = [01101110, 01011101, 11100010, 01101010, 11110011, 01111011, ...]
S'_10 = [110, 93, 226, 106, 243, 123, ...]

I'd create an audio wave file whose samples are each octet from S'_10 as 8-bit audio samples, using a really low sampling rate (such as 8000 Hz or even 4000 Hz).
That sound, that particular sound, is what I'd transmit to the cosmos: the binary counting, something with a detectable pattern (although it'd be not so easily recognizable, but something that one could readily distinguish from randomness noise).

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 day ago

The graph is missing languages such as Portuguese and Arabic.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Darker doesn't always mean blacker. Symbolically, a blood moon is "darker" (as in "ominous" and "eerie") than a new moon. The red color has many meanings, ranging from passion to wrath. Even after science emerged to explain such phenomena (the red color being just the longest wavelength part of visible electromagnetic spectra, the blood moon being just a combination of physical and astrophysical factors such as Rayleigh scattering and planetary alignment, etc), the blood moon still gets a "bad omen" vibe nowadays, a vibe that's absolutely not present during new moons (it's worth mentioning that they happen once or twice every month, differently from a blood moon which is a somewhat-rare event).

[–] [email protected] 3 points 1 day ago

As a Brazilian, not much. Throughout my entire lifetime, I saw some Brazilians there and there wearing Halloween costumes but it's not as popular here as "quermesses" (kirmess, church fairs, happening mostly on Brazilian's interiorian towns), Carnival, Christmas or some "important" soccer game (such as Corinthians vs Palmeiras, or Flamengo vs Fluminense).

To me, particularly, no holiday (nor soccer games) holds any importance or meaning. In the end of the day, it'll be just capitalism mesmerizing people to spend money on temporary things.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 day ago (1 children)

It depends.

When the VGA socket I'm plugging the VGA cable has a screwing hole (for example, tower PCs as well as some HDMI-To-VGA adapters) , and I'm intending to let it plugged, I generally do screw them in, not entirely, but sufficiently to don't let it escape due to VGA cable's weight (especially if the cable has dozens of meters as well as those cilindrical magnetic thingies that reduces electromagnetic interference).

But one of my laptops have no screwing holes at the sides of the VGA socket so it's impossible to screw the VGA cable.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 2 days ago (1 children)

The difference is that the Linux distros won't force the user to upgrade with annoying popups or similar. The difference is that the newer versions of Linux distros won't have hardware requirements that will force the user to buy a new Pc altogether and contributing to e-waste.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 2 days ago (2 children)

It's nice. Just as a suggestion, consider adding itch.io too. There are lots of good and free games, too.

 

cross-posted from: https://thelemmy.club/post/17993801

First of all, let me explain what "hapax legomena" is: it refers to words (and, by extension, concepts) that occurred just once throughout an entire corpus of text. An example is the word "hebenon", occurring just once within Shakespeare's Hamlet. Therefore, "hebenon" is a hapax legomenon. The "hapax legomenon" concept itself is a kind of hapax legomenon, IMO.

According to Wikipedia, hapax legomena are generally discarded from NLP as they hold "little value for computational techniques". By extension, the same applies to LLMs, I guess.

While "hapax legomena" originally refers to words/tokens, I'm extending it to entire concepts, described by these extremely unknown words.

I am a curious mind, actively seeking knowledge, and I'm constantly trying to learn a myriad of "random" topics across the many fields of human knowledge, especially rare/unknown concepts (that's how I learnt about "hapax legomena", for example). I use three LLMs on a daily basis (GPT-3, LLama and Gemini), expecting to get to know about words, historical/mythological figures and concepts unknown to me, lost in the vastness of human knowledge, but I now know, according to Wikipedia, that general LLMs won't point me anything "obscure" enough.

This leads me to wonder: are there LLMs and/or NLP models/datasets that do not discard hapax? Are there LLMs that favor less frequent data over more frequent data?

 

First of all, let me explain what "hapax legomena" is: it refers to words (and, by extension, concepts) that occurred just once throughout an entire corpus of text. An example is the word "hebenon", occurring just once within Shakespeare's Hamlet. Therefore, "hebenon" is a hapax legomenon. The "hapax legomenon" concept itself is a kind of hapax legomenon, IMO.

According to Wikipedia, hapax legomena are generally discarded from NLP as they hold "little value for computational techniques". By extension, the same applies to LLMs, I guess.

While "hapax legomena" originally refers to words/tokens, I'm extending it to entire concepts, described by these extremely unknown words.

I am a curious mind, actively seeking knowledge, and I'm constantly trying to learn a myriad of "random" topics across the many fields of human knowledge, especially rare/unknown concepts (that's how I learnt about "hapax legomena", for example). I use three LLMs on a daily basis (GPT-3, LLama and Gemini), expecting to get to know about words, historical/mythological figures and concepts unknown to me, lost in the vastness of human knowledge, but I now know, according to Wikipedia, that general LLMs won't point me anything "obscure" enough.

This leads me to wonder: are there LLMs and/or NLP models/datasets that do not discard hapax? Are there LLMs that favor less frequent data over more frequent data?

 

The following story was written by me, playing with the concept of myse en abyme (among other deeper concepts within the text, such as philosophical and esoteric intertwined concepts).

Myse en abyme is a type of art that contains the art within itself, creating a meta-narrative. I'm sharing this to bring this concept to those who were not familiar with it.

I'm using a made-up pseudonym "Bob DeLorean" to compose the text.

Please let me know if i'm sharing the wrong way (i.e. if I'm supposed to publish it through another platform and sharing links, instead of sharing the entire story through a Lemmy post).


How do you make a story within the story itself? - A meta-fiction By Bob DeLorean (my pseudonym for this Myse En Abyme kind of story)

"How do you make a story within the story itself? Bob was wondering that. 'You start by thinking about the steps. It's quite simple, son, take this ancient book. It's yours. Literally yours', answered the priest, while handing a dusty book entitled 'How do you make a story within the story itself' authored by 'Bob'.

He opened it, just to face his own story right at the first page: 'How do you make a story within the story itself? Bob was wondering that'.

– Hey, it's my story! – he wondered, scared. – Where did you get it?

The priest answered:

– A long, long time ago, some minutes before this sentence, Bob started to wrote. Look, son, you're a prophet, a really gifted prophet. You should be proud of yourself.

– It doesn't make sense. How should I... how should I know?

– You really wrote it, son. Turn the page.

Bob turned the page. The second page started... 'Bob turned the page. The second page started...'. The rest was blurry, but gradually faded into existence. His eyes couldn't believe it. He read the next line: 'The rest was blurry, but gradually fading into existence'.

– Which type of witchcraft is this?

– It's not, son. It's your story, you really should be proud of yourself.

– But you said that I wrote this, right?

– Exactly, son. You wrote that.

– And how I can't remember?

– You do remember, son. Read it again.

He tried to look the next pages. All blurry, because we're still going to the third page. Bob should know that.

– Wait.. I heard it. Who's that?

It's me, Bob.

– No, I am Bob. You're not.

I'm Bob, Bob.

– Wh... No way! Tell my last name.

It's DeLorean. Bob DeLorean is our name. He looks surprised.

– Of course I'm surprised. What happens with me, at the end?

You mean... with us. Well, for you, I have somber news. You vanish as soon as I stop writing. As for me, I dunno, I'll probably write other texts.

– It's not fair. Am I gonna die?

– Hey, son, are you talking to God? – the priest asked.

– N... no. I'm talking to a voice that's claiming to be myself. Take this book back.

A mysterious force was stopping Bob from giving away his own book. You can't do it, Bob. You know you can't. Only you can read the book, for now.

– He's claiming that only me can read the book. And he keeps narrating some story, this story, it's creepy.

– Oh, it's God! God's right, son! The book is yours. It's meant for yourself.

– You should try to read it, priest...

– I can't defy God, my son. If the book is yours, I can't even touch it.

– You touched it minutes ago.

– It was God's mission to deliver the book for you, son. I simply delivered it as God wisely ordered me.

Hey, Bob, are you listening?

– Uh... yeah?

Say to the priest that he can stop calling me as god.

– Hey... priest... Can you hear him?

– No, son. I can't hear God.

– He asked you to stop calling him "god".

– Beware of your words, son. He's God.

– But he literally asked me. Look...

Bob proceeded to the fourth page, where I said 'Say to the priest that he can stop calling me as god'.

– Wait... I c... I can read it, son!

– Exactly! See?

– If God asked to not be called God, I'll respect God's Will and I'll stop calling God as God.

Humph...

– He seems infuriated.

– I can see it, son. It's right below the prophetic paragraph you delivered to me.

I'm becoming tired. I should sto...

– No!! I'm gonna die if you stop!

I don't care, Bob.

– But I'm... I'm you, you said it before!

Yeah. I'm you, Bob. And I'm deciding to stop my own story: the ancient book was slim, with five pages only. The priest and Bob went to sleep. Don't worry, I'm taking care of them. Maybe we'll awake inside another book in the future."

 

Firstly, sorry if this is not the adequate place for my question; if it's the case, let me know.

The title may seem confusing, so let me detail it: I'm more of a commenter person, and some of my comments are replied, and Lemmy notifies me of those direct replies. However, there are moments when those replies receive third-party replies, so my comment turns into some kind of "sub-thread", something that's interesting for me to read and follow. For those third-party replies, I don't receive notifications, so I have to access each direct reply that was notified so to find possible "sub-threads".

There seems to me to be no option to "receive notifications for this post/comment/reply", only the automatic opt-in of notifications for direct replies.

So really isn't there such an option? Or is this an instance-specific feature and the instance I belong to (thelemmy.club) don't have it?

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