You got me curious as well so I googled it and it looks like CarPlay just uses the screen as a monitor with no messages or anything downloaded:
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/252600482
Now I wonder what kind of system these vehicles have that downloads text messages. Is that a function of the Bluetooth connectivity or is it a vendor application?
I use PCI pass through for my 2080 Super on ESXi and it works but I’m only doing single host utilization. I think for VMs to share the GPU, you need the NVIDIA licensed driver which is pricey. If just a single VM needs the GPU (my case) then it’s just standard PCI Passthrough.