this post was submitted on 23 Jan 2025
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A pseudonymous coder has created and released an open source “tar pit” to indefinitely trap AI training web crawlers in an infinitely, randomly-generating series of pages to waste their time and computing power. The program, called Nepenthes after the genus of carnivorous pitcher plants which trap and consume their prey, can be deployed by webpage owners to protect their own content from being scraped or can be deployed “offensively” as a honeypot trap to waste AI companies’ resources.

“It's less like flypaper and more an infinite maze holding a minotaur, except the crawler is the minotaur that cannot get out. The typical web crawler doesn't appear to have a lot of logic. It downloads a URL, and if it sees links to other URLs, it downloads those too. Nepenthes generates random links that always point back to itself - the crawler downloads those new links. Nepenthes happily just returns more and more lists of links pointing back to itself,” Aaron B, the creator of Nepenthes, told 404 Media.

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[–] [email protected] 7 points 3 hours ago

What a great name!

[–] [email protected] 13 points 5 hours ago
[–] [email protected] 115 points 12 hours ago (4 children)

This showed up on HN recently. Several people who wrote web crawlers pointed out that this won’t even come close to working except on terribly written crawlers. Most just limit the number of pages crawled per domain based on popularity of the domain. So they’ll index all of Wikipedia but they definitely won’t crawl all 1 million pages of your unranked website expecting to find quality content.

[–] JackbyDev 26 points 3 hours ago (1 children)

Did you read the article? (There is a link to a non walled version.)

Since they made and deployed a proof-of-concept, Aaron B said their pages have been hit millions of times by internet-scraping bots. On a Hacker News thread, someone claiming to be an AI company CEO said a tarpit like this is easy to avoid; Aaron B told 404 Media “If that’s, true, I’ve several million lines of access log that says even Google Almighty didn’t graduate” to avoiding the trap.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 1 hour ago

If it is linked to the Internet then it'll be hit by crawlers. Their "trap" isn't any how many show up but how long each bot stays on their individual site.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 3 hours ago* (last edited 3 hours ago)

I think this rate limiting mechanism is mostly a niceness rule : you should try to not put too much pressure on any website and obey the rules defined in its robots.txt.

So I guess this idea is not bad as it would mostly penalize bad players.

[–] [email protected] 21 points 9 hours ago (3 children)

Then that's a where we hide the good stuff

[–] [email protected] 1 points 15 minutes ago

What kinda stuff

[–] JackbyDev 11 points 4 hours ago (2 children)

Reminds me of burying folders in folders in folders to hide naughty content as a youth.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 3 hours ago* (last edited 3 hours ago)

Totally brilliant and foolproof. Humans can't open folders

[–] [email protected] 1 points 2 hours ago

When I worked as a technician in a computer repair company, it was amazing the number of people that were just put that stuff on the desktop.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 6 hours ago (2 children)
[–] [email protected] 3 points 6 hours ago
[–] [email protected] 3 points 6 hours ago (1 children)

Like stuff that is not bad.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 5 hours ago

Rule out the mediocre too, unless it’s extremely mediocre then it’s OK

[–] [email protected] 67 points 12 hours ago* (last edited 12 hours ago) (4 children)

Can confirm, I have a website (https://2009scape.org/) with tonnes of legacy forum posts (100k+). No crawlers ever go there.

It's a shame that 404media didn't do any due diligence when writing this

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 hour ago

I think you may have just misunderstood the post.

It's not intended to trap the web crawlers indexing content for google search.

It's intended to trap AI training bots harvesting sentences in order to improve their LLMs.

I don't really have an answer as to why those bots don't find your content appealing, but that doesn't mean that Nepenthes doesn't work.

[–] [email protected] 33 points 11 hours ago

No crawlers ever go there.

if it makes you feel any better, i would go there if i was a web crawler.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 8 hours ago

Why would they? Outrage and meme content sell clicks, in-depth journalism doesn't.

[–] [email protected] 15 points 11 hours ago (1 children)

2009scape!? If it's what I think it is that is amazing. Legend

[–] [email protected] 13 points 10 hours ago

It is what you think it is, come join ^^. It's a small niche world

[–] [email protected] 58 points 13 hours ago (8 children)

More accurately, it traps any web crawler, including regular search engines and benign projects like the Internet Archive. This should not be used without an allowlist for known trusted crawlers at least.

[–] [email protected] 14 points 8 hours ago* (last edited 8 hours ago) (1 children)

More accurately, it traps any web crawler

More accurately, it does not trap any competent crawlers, which have per domain limits on how many pages they crawl.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 2 hours ago

You would still want to tell the crawlers that obey robots.txt do not pay attention to that part of the website. Otherwise it's just going to break your SEO

[–] [email protected] 21 points 9 hours ago (1 children)

Just put the trap in a space roped off by robots.txt - any crawler that ventures there deserves being roasted.

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[–] [email protected] 27 points 12 hours ago (1 children)

This reminds me of that one time a guy figured out how to make "gzip bombs" that bricked automated vuln scanners.

[–] [email protected] 26 points 11 hours ago (1 children)

I had a scanner that was relentless smashing a server at work and configured one of those.

evidently it was one of our customers. it filled their storage up and increased their storage costs by like 500%.

they complained that we purposefully sabotaged their scans. when I told them I spent two weeks tracking down and confirmed their scan were causing performance issues on our infrastructure I had every right to protect the experience of all our users.

I also reminded them they were effectively DDOSing our services which I could file a request to investigate with cyber crimes division of the FBI.

they shut up, paid their bill, and didn't renew their measly $2k mrr account with us when their contract ended.

bitch ass small companies are always the biggest pita.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 6 hours ago (1 children)

DDoS? Where was the distribution part?

[–] [email protected] 7 points 4 hours ago* (last edited 4 hours ago) (1 children)

effectively

For all practical purposes; in effect.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 4 hours ago* (last edited 4 hours ago) (1 children)

I believe the commenter was implying that DoS would be a more accurate description, since it does not seem as if the "attack" was distributed, but it is a nitpick nonetheless. We don't have the context to understand if multiple servers were involved that distributed the load

[–] JackbyDev 4 points 3 hours ago (2 children)

I see DDoS and DoS used interchangeably. I think because DDoS became a somewhat mainstream term (at least in online gamer communities) and is pronounced verbally (dee doss). Idk, just what I've seen.

Like people calling roguelites roguelikes or third person shooters FPSes

[–] [email protected] 1 points 18 seconds ago

Yes in casual conversation I always say "DDoS" regardless of whether or not it's distributed because "DoS" makes people think of the operating system.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 3 hours ago (1 children)

Dee doss? I always say dee dee oh es.

[–] [email protected] 198 points 17 hours ago (25 children)

My new favorite is asking if it's cheating to look at your opponent's pieces in chess.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 4 hours ago

For anybody who ever had this happen, ChatGPT has some solutions to remedy the situation:

[–] JackbyDev 2 points 3 hours ago

I tried the same input and got a more expected answer.

Is it cheating if you looked at your opponent's pieces in chess? In chess, it is entirely acceptable and expected to observe your opponent's pieces. In fact, keeping track of your opponent's moves and the position of their pieces is a fundamental part of the game. Chess relies on strategy, planning, and understanding the entire board, including your opponent's pieces and potential moves. This is not considered cheating—it's simply playing the game as intended. Cheating in chess typically involves actions like consulting external help (e.g., a chess engine or another person), distracting your opponent, or intentionally breaking the rules of the game.

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