Canada

I'm hoping for electric ferries and cargo ships one day.

Buses can be electric too ya know (and stuff like construction equipment). The money right now is in personal evs, but the manufacturing volume and rnd is pretty cross compatible

I just wonder about cost to produce batteries, lack of recycling, and the cost of a car accident with a battery powered vehicle involved. For that, I am so far uncertain of its sustainability.

Hydrogen.

EV busses, boats, and other vehicles will still need batteries. and in the end the batteries can be sold elsewhere.

Canada had a wonderful mass transit system when the vast majority of the population lived rurally. But the urbanization movement saw people move to where the high density allowed one to walk everywhere, so there wasn't much need for the mass transit anymore and eventually it was shut down.

Cars have driven cities to become woefully less dense than they used to be, which is why you see value in a return of mass transit. When you have rural problems (life being too far away to walk to), you need rural solutions. But isn't the even better solution to get the idea of cities being wannabe rural areas out of our heads completely and start densifying again?

So, internet service? That's has proven to be the most effective tool in seeing people drive a lot less. Driving to and from work is the bulk of those 15,000 kms and a good internet connection allows around 40% of the workforce to work from home, as seen during the COVID period. We are investing quite heavily in that.

In fact, we're investing so heavily in improved internet service that many farms in Canada now have two fibre runs as the government determined one was not enough!

Infrastructure and regulation. Too many death traps being imported that do not meet CSA standards.

There's no significant difference between the two.