this post was submitted on 23 Jan 2025
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A pseudonymous coder has created and released an open source “tar pit” to indefinitely trap AI training web crawlers in an infinitely, randomly-generating series of pages to waste their time and computing power. The program, called Nepenthes after the genus of carnivorous pitcher plants which trap and consume their prey, can be deployed by webpage owners to protect their own content from being scraped or can be deployed “offensively” as a honeypot trap to waste AI companies’ resources.

“It's less like flypaper and more an infinite maze holding a minotaur, except the crawler is the minotaur that cannot get out. The typical web crawler doesn't appear to have a lot of logic. It downloads a URL, and if it sees links to other URLs, it downloads those too. Nepenthes generates random links that always point back to itself - the crawler downloads those new links. Nepenthes happily just returns more and more lists of links pointing back to itself,” Aaron B, the creator of Nepenthes, told 404 Media.

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[–] [email protected] 45 points 23 hours ago

This sort of thing has been a strategy for dealing with unwanted web crawlers since web crawlers were a thing. It's an arms race, though; crawlers do things to detect these "mazes" and so the maze-makers keep needing to up their game as well.

As we enter an age where AI is effectively passing the Turing Test, it's going to be tricky making traps for them that don't also ensnare the actual humans you're trying to serve pages to.

[–] [email protected] 34 points 22 hours ago (1 children)
[–] [email protected] 6 points 20 hours ago (9 children)

I haven't seen that episode in probably 15 years and I still remember exactly what this was.

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[–] [email protected] 60 points 1 day ago (3 children)

But does running this cost the AI bot at least as much as it costs you to run?

[–] [email protected] 56 points 1 day ago (3 children)

Picking words at random from a dictionary would not be very compute intensive, the content doesn't need to be sensical

[–] [email protected] 11 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Yes, the scraper is going to mindlessly gobble up information. At best they'd expend more resources later to try and determine the value of the content but how do you do that really? Mostly I think they're hoping the good will outweigh the bad.

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[–] [email protected] 18 points 1 day ago (1 children)

I would think yes. The compute needed to make a hyperlink maze is low, compared to the AI processing of the random content, which costs nearly nothing to make, but still costs the same to process as genuine content.

Am I missing something?

[–] [email protected] 9 points 1 day ago (1 children)

I'm wondering about the cost to the server's resources / bandwidth to serve up unlimited random junk also.

But kudos to the developer for making this anyway

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[–] [email protected] 39 points 1 day ago (1 children)

This won't work against commercial crawlers. They check page contents with something similar to a simhash and don't recrawl these pages. They also have limiters like for depth to avoid getting stuck in circular links.

You could generate random content for each new page, but you'll still eventually hit the depth limit. There are probably other rules related to content quality to limit crawling too.

[–] [email protected] 36 points 1 day ago (1 children)

True, this is an arms race situation after all. The real benefit of this is creating garbage training data that makes garbage models. So it’s not just increasing the cost of crawling, it increases the cost of stealing everybody’s shit because you need extra data quality checks. Poisoning the well.

[–] [email protected] 12 points 1 day ago (4 children)

You could theoretically use the shittiest local llm you can find to dynamically create slop for the piggies

[–] [email protected] 11 points 23 hours ago

Say it with me now: model collapse! I think this approach is especially insidious in that rather than dumping obvious nonsense into the training corpus that can then be scrubbed, it pushes the downstream LLM invisibly towards spontaneously imploding.

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[–] [email protected] 17 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago)

I suspect that there are many websites that already dynamically generate an unbounded number of pages based on the links one clicks, and that Web spiders will have needed to deal with those for as long as there have been people spidering the Web, which is going to be no later than the first Web search engines.

I'd guess that if nothing else, they cap how far they spider a site. Probably a lot more sophisticated, use heuristics to figure out which sites are more worth spending indexing resources on, as it's not just whether to spider but also the frequency with which to do so. Some parts of a site are more "valuable" than others -- for a search engine, a more desirable target for users clicking on results -- and some will update more frequently and are more-useful to re-spider at higher frequency. Google will return current news articles, yet still indexes a large portion of the content out there. They won't be doing that by simply sending GoogleBot at everything that they've indexed at a fixed frequency.

[–] [email protected] 10 points 1 day ago (3 children)

The modern equivalent of making a page that loads in two frames, left and right, which each load in two frames, top and bottom, which each load in two frames, left and right ...

As I recall, this was five lines of HTML.

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[–] [email protected] 10 points 1 day ago

This genus named genius game is sending pain to these previous devious data devourors

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