Rust

Yeah, that's helpful if I would be currently optimizing a hot loop now. But I was really just using it as an example. Also, retain_mut() doesn't compose as well.

I'd much rather write:

let vec_a: Vec<String> = /* ... */;
let vec_b: Vec<String> = vec_a
    .into_iter()
    .filter(some_filter)
    .map(some_map_fn)
    .collect();

Over:

let mut vec_a: Vec<String> = /* ... */;
vec_a.retain_mut(|x| if some_filter(x) {
    *x = some_map_fn(*x); // Yikes, cannot move out of reference.
    true
} else {
    false
});

And it would be nice if that would be optimized the same. After all, the point of Rust's iterators is to provide zero-cost abstractions. In my opinion, functions like retain_mut() represent a leakiness to that abstraction, because the alternative turns out to not be zero cost.