this post was submitted on 07 Jun 2023
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Lemmy Support

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Hello! I have been struggling through a few tutorials on getting a lemmy instance to work correctly when setup with Docker. I have it mostly done, but there are various issues each time that I do not have the knowledge to properly correct. I am familiar with Docker, and already have an Oracle VPS set up on ARM64 Ubuntu. I already have portainer and an NGINX proxy set up and working okay. I have an existing lemmy instance "running" but not quite working. My best guess here would be to have someone assist with setting up the docker-compose to work with current updates/settings, as well as the config.hjson.

TIA, and I cant wait to have my own entry into the fediverse working right!

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[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

Sure thing. lemmy.hjson:

spoiler

{
  # for more info about the config, check out the documentation
  # https://join-lemmy.org/docs/en/administration/configuration.html
  # only few config options are covered in this example config

  setup: {
    # username for the admin user
    admin_username: "noUsrHere"
    # password for the admin user
    admin_password: "noPassHere"
    # name of the site (can be changed later)
    site_name: "Bulwark of Boredom"
  }

  # the domain name of your instance (eg "lemmy.ml")
  hostname: "lemmy.bulwarkob.com"
  # address where lemmy should listen for incoming requests
  bind: "0.0.0.0"
  # port where lemmy should listen for incoming requests
  port: 8536
  # Whether the site is available over TLS. Needs to be true for federation to work.
  tls_enabled: true

  # pictrs host
  pictrs: {
    url: "http://pictrs:8080/"
    api_key: "API_KEY"
  }

  # settings related to the postgresql database
  database: {
    # name of the postgres database for lemmy
    database: "noDbHere"
    # username to connect to postgres
    user: "noUsrHere"
    # password to connect to postgres
    password: "noPassHere"
    # host where postgres is running
    host: "postgres"
    # port where postgres can be accessed
    port: 5432
    # maximum number of active sql connections
    pool_size: 5
  }
}

I am not certain if I am somehow getting the wrong location of the config in the container. There is no volume or link for a conf file from host:container, so I am just grabbing from the default area /etc /nginx/nginx.conf:

spoiler

# run nginx in foreground
daemon off;
pid /run/nginx/nginx.pid;
user npm;

# Set number of worker processes automatically based on number of CPU cores.
worker_processes auto;

# Enables the use of JIT for regular expressions to speed-up their processing.
pcre_jit on;

error_log /data/logs/fallback_error.log warn;

# Includes files with directives to load dynamic modules.
include /etc/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
	include /data/nginx/custom/events[.]conf;
}

http {
	include                       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
	default_type                  application/octet-stream;
	sendfile                      on;
	server_tokens                 off;
	tcp_nopush                    on;
	tcp_nodelay                   on;
	client_body_temp_path         /tmp/nginx/body 1 2;
	keepalive_timeout             90s;
	proxy_connect_timeout         90s;
	proxy_send_timeout            90s;
	proxy_read_timeout            90s;
	ssl_prefer_server_ciphers     on;
	gzip                          on;
	proxy_ignore_client_abort     off;
	client_max_body_size          2000m;
	server_names_hash_bucket_size 1024;
	proxy_http_version            1.1;
	proxy_set_header              X-Forwarded-Scheme $scheme;
	proxy_set_header              X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
	proxy_set_header              Accept-Encoding "";
	proxy_cache                   off;
	proxy_cache_path              /var/lib/nginx/cache/public  levels=1:2 keys_zone=public-cache:30m max_size=192m;
	proxy_cache_path              /var/lib/nginx/cache/private levels=1:2 keys_zone=private-cache:5m max_size=1024m;

	log_format proxy '[$time_local] $upstream_cache_status $upstream_status $status - $request_method $scheme $host "$request_uri" [Client $remote_addr] [Length $body_bytes_sent] [Gzip $gzip_ratio] [Sent-to $server] "$http_user_agent" "$http_referer"';
	log_format standard '[$time_local] $status - $request_method $scheme $host "$request_uri" [Client $remote_addr] [Length $body_bytes_sent] [Gzip $gzip_ratio] "$http_user_agent" "$http_referer"';

	access_log /data/logs/fallback_access.log proxy;

	# Dynamically generated resolvers file
	include /etc/nginx/conf.d/include/resolvers.conf;

	# Default upstream scheme
	map $host $forward_scheme {
		default http;
	}

	# Real IP Determination

	# Local subnets:
	set_real_ip_from 10.0.0.0/8;
	set_real_ip_from 172.16.0.0/12; # Includes Docker subnet
	set_real_ip_from 192.168.0.0/16;
	# NPM generated CDN ip ranges:
	include conf.d/include/ip_ranges.conf;
	# always put the following 2 lines after ip subnets:
	real_ip_header X-Real-IP;
	real_ip_recursive on;

	# Custom
	include /data/nginx/custom/http_top[.]conf;

	# Files generated by NPM
	include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/default_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/proxy_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/redirection_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/dead_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/temp/*.conf;

	# Custom
	include /data/nginx/custom/http[.]conf;
}

stream {
	# Files generated by NPM
	include /data/nginx/stream/*.conf;

	# Custom
	include /data/nginx/custom/stream[.]conf;
}

# Custom
include /data/nginx/custom/root[.]conf;


[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) (1 children)

it seems there is no config for lemmy nginx here.. might be in other files?

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I may be mistaken in my choice of proceeding, but as many are reporting, the install guide provided docker-compose and general docker instructions dont quite seem to work as expected. I have been trying to piecemeal this together, and the Included lemmy nginx service container was completely excluded (edited out/deleted) once I had the standalone nginx-proxy-manager setup and working for regular 80,443 ->1234 proxy requests to the lemmy-ui container.

Does the lemmy nginx have a specific role or tie in? I am still fairly new to reverse proxying in general.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) (1 children)

yeah, nginx config for lemmy is not very straighforward. you need to mimic this:

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    upstream lemmy {
        server "lemmy:8536";
    }
    upstream lemmy-ui {
        server "lemmy-ui:1234";
    }
    server {
      listen       1236;
      server_name  localhost;

      # frontend
      location / {
        set $proxpass "http://lemmy-ui";
        if ($http_accept = "application/activity+json") {
          set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
        }
        if ($http_accept = "application/ldr+json; profile=\"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams\"") {
          set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
        }
        if ($request_method = POST) {
          set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
        }
        proxy_pass $proxpass;

        rewrite ^(.+)/+$ $1 permanent;

        # Send actual client IP upstream
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }

      # backend
      location ~ ^/(api|pictrs|feeds|nodeinfo|.well-known) {
        proxy_pass "http://lemmy";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

        # Add IP forwarding headers
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
    }
}

also - can you check if all containers are running? just do docker-compose ps in the lemmy dir.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

All containers are running. I handle them with Portainer, though I build the stack from the CLI in the lemmy dir, so Portainer cant fully manage them. Reboots and logs and networking and such work fine though.

As for the nginx config, the nginx proxy manager I use currently has all proxy-host/settings setup from the webGUI, where I use the GUI to set up the proxy host information and SSL information. I did no manual edits to any configurations or settings of the container during or after compose. Only GUI actions. When looking at the nginx.conf I replied with here (my current conf), I do not see anything related to that proxy host I created from the GUI. I am not sure if that is normal or not, or if I maybe have a wrong .conf included here.

With that in mind, would you suggest I simply overwrite and/or add your snippet to my existing conf file?

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

try to look here for the config file:

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/default_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/proxy_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/redirection_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/dead_host/*.conf;
	include /data/nginx/temp/*.conf;

btw, i think port in lemmy.bulwarkob.com:1236 in docker-compose is not needed for you, should be just lemmy.bulwarkob.com

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I appreciate your patience and clear assistance.

conf.d/* has two configurations that appear to be some form of default. default.conf and production.conf. production.conf is only for the admin GUI. default.conf:

Container has a volume set /lemmy/docker/nginx-proxy-manager/data:/data

I have those folders and more, and they DO seem to have the correct custom item.

Specifically, in the proxy_host folder I have a configuration for the proxy host I set up (1.conf) in the GUI:

spoiler


# ------------------------------------------------------------
# lemmy.bulwarkob.com
# ------------------------------------------------------------


server {
  set $forward_scheme http;
  set $server         "172.24.0.5";
  set $port           1234;

  listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;


  server_name lemmy.bulwarkob.com;


  # Let's Encrypt SSL
  include conf.d/include/letsencrypt-acme-challenge.conf;
  include conf.d/include/ssl-ciphers.conf;
  ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/npm-1/fullchain.pem;
  ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/npm-1/privkey.pem;



  # Block Exploits
  include conf.d/include/block-exploits.conf;




    # Force SSL
    include conf.d/include/force-ssl.conf;


  access_log /data/logs/proxy-host-1_access.log proxy;
  error_log /data/logs/proxy-host-1_error.log warn;


  location / {





    # Proxy!
    include conf.d/include/proxy.conf;
  }


  # Custom
  include /data/nginx/custom/server_proxy[.]conf;
}

The rest of the folders are empty:

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (2 children)

okay, i don't know how npm works, could you check this tutorial to see if you have set it up similarly?

https://youtu.be/6lQFZvCCe7U

also - check docker-compose.yml settings to remove port for lemmy host and i think you need to set use https to true as it is provided by npm

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 year ago

I actually started with this tutorial a few days ago after failing the official guide. I followed it but was unable to get it running due to unexpected errors. Im guessing this tutorial is somewhat out of date. Ive made progress since using that guide though so I will see if I can pull any useful bits out of it later today and continue.

Worst case, I could also just ditch NPM if I can get another NGINX set up in a way that you might know how to do correctly.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

Hey, if you still feel like helping out :D

Ive been through a boatload of changes today since earlier. Ive rebuilt using mostly the provided yml in the official guide, and after some tweaking, almost everything is working. The internal proxy is now working, and the containers are working amongst themselves fully as far as I can tell. I do not know how to setup a web facing reverse proxy in a way that works around the internal proxy already running (other than the already in place NPM). I turned the NPM back on, and was able to get it working to reach the site, however I cannot reach any other communities from within my site. I believe the reverse proxy NPM is just not set up right. Error message in lemmy:

spoiler

ERROR HTTP request{http.method=GET http.scheme="https" http.host=lemmy.bulwarkob.com http.target=/api/v3/ws otel.kind="server" request_id=69004ca6-7967-48c3-a4d2-583e961e34d3 http.status_code=101 otel.status_code="OK"}: lemmy_server::api_routes_websocket: couldnt_find_object: Request error: error sending request for url (https://midwest.social/.well-known/webfinger?resource=acct:[email protected]): operation timed out

   0: lemmy_apub::fetcher::search::search_query_to_object_id

             at crates/apub/src/fetcher/search.rs:17

   1: lemmy_apub::api::resolve_object::perform

           with self=ResolveObject { q: "[[email protected]](/c/[email protected])", auth: Some(Sensitive) }

             at crates/apub/src/api/resolve_object.rs:21

   2: lemmy_server::root_span_builder::HTTP request

           with http.method=GET http.scheme="https" http.host=lemmy.bulwarkob.com http.target=/api/v3/ws otel.kind="server" request_id=69004ca6-7967-48c3-a4d2-583e961e34d3 http.status_code=101 otel.status_code="OK"

             at src/root_span_builder.rs:16

I would be happy to remove NPM from this stack if its not too difficult to get a correctly working reverse proxy set up. The documentation doesnt give much to work with in it.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

from the log it seems that lemmy cannot reach https://midwest.social/ - if you have more such operation timed outs - probably there is some networking issue with outgoing requests - maybe you have some kind of firewall? i can reach your instance from other direction: https://group.lt/c/[email protected]

probably the easiest way to setup lemmy and another front facing reverse proxy is to use nginx that comes with lemmy on another port and setup simple reverse proxying with NPM to it. i myself using caddy for reverse proxying, using this config: https://join-lemmy.org/docs/en/administration/caddy.html

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I see that the instance can be reached, and posts are shown, however comments are not. I have found in the official docs that there is a config snippet for a web facing reverse proxy. https://join-lemmy.org/docs/en/administration/troubleshooting.html https://github.com/LemmyNet/lemmy-ansible/blob/main/templates/nginx.conf

And this config appears quite different from the "Install with Docker" config instructions: https://join-lemmy.org/docs/en/administration/install_docker.html

spoiler


worker_processes 1;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    upstream lemmy {
        # this needs to map to the lemmy (server) docker service hostname
        server "lemmy:8536";
    }
    upstream lemmy-ui {
        # this needs to map to the lemmy-ui docker service hostname
        server "lemmy-ui:1234";
    }

    server {
        # this is the port inside docker, not the public one yet
        listen 80;
        # change if needed, this is facing the public web
        server_name localhost;
        server_tokens off;

        gzip on;
        gzip_types text/css application/javascript image/svg+xml;
        gzip_vary on;

        # Upload limit, relevant for pictrs
        client_max_body_size 20M;

        add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";

        # frontend general requests
        location / {
            # distinguish between ui requests and backend
            # don't change lemmy-ui or lemmy here, they refer to the upstream definitions on top
            set $proxpass "http://lemmy-ui";

            if ($http_accept = "application/activity+json") {
              set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
            }
            if ($http_accept = "application/ld+json; profile=\"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams\"") {
              set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
            }
            if ($request_method = POST) {
              set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
            }
            proxy_pass $proxpass;

            rewrite ^(.+)/+$ $1 permanent;
            # Send actual client IP upstream
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        # backend
        location ~ ^/(api|pictrs|feeds|nodeinfo|.well-known) {
            proxy_pass "http://lemmy";
            # proxy common stuff
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
            proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

            # Send actual client IP upstream
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
    }
}

Do you know if I should expect to have TWO unique NGINX proxy instances (assuming I use NGINX)? One in-stack, and one separate for web facing reverse proxy? Or do I need a combination of the two configs into one instance?

I am going to see if I can get a caddy reverse proxy setup in the meantime and see how it performs given your configuration there.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

you can have two nginx proxy instances, one as a front (serving other sites besides lemmy instance) and another - coupled with lemmy instance. in such case the first one can be configured minimally with basic proxy stuff to internal lemmy one, no need for this fancy lemmy and lemmy-ui proxying.

location /{
   proxy_pass http://nginx-lemmy-docker:someport;
}
[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I believe I have the simple set up for the NPM reverse proxy. Just as you say, it points to the docker address of the lemmyInstance NGINX. I can get to my instance with HTTPS secured and good. Just getting errors when communicating to other instances. I can only imagine it is web socket related, but I am not familiar enough to look at the proxy configs and determine what might be wrong with it unfortunately. I might need to try and find someone to essentially look through it with me in real time.

spoiler

ERROR HTTP request{http.method=GET http.scheme="https" http.host=lemmy.bulwarkob.com http.target=/api/v3/ws otel.kind="server" request_id=67d75886-bf48-4444-a435-d98d8fc1e303 http.status_code=101 otel.status_code="OK"}: lemmy_server::api_routes_websocket: couldnt_find_object: Request error: error sending request for url (https://lemmy.ml/.well-known/webfinger?resource=acct:[email protected]): operation timed out

   0: lemmy_apub::fetcher::search::search_query_to_object_id

             at crates/apub/src/fetcher/search.rs:17

   1: lemmy_apub::api::resolve_object::perform

           with self=ResolveObject { q: "[[email protected]](/c/[email protected])", auth: Some(Sensitive) }

             at crates/apub/src/api/resolve_object.rs:21

   2: lemmy_server::root_span_builder::HTTP request

           with http.method=GET http.scheme="https" http.host=lemmy.bulwarkob.com http.target=/api/v3/ws otel.kind="server" request_id=67d75886-bf48-4444-a435-d98d8fc1e303 http.status_code=101 otel.status_code="OK"

             at src/root_span_builder.rs:16

spoiler

 WARN Error encountered while processing the incoming HTTP request: lemmy_server::root_span_builder: Request error: error sending request for url (https://beehaw.org/u/Jattatak): operation timed out

   0: lemmy_server::root_span_builder::HTTP request

           with http.method=POST http.scheme="https" http.host=lemmy.bulwarkob.com http.target=/inbox otel.kind="server" request_id=f413d3e5-262a-4dac-bc2e-700b9a053954 http.status_code=400 otel.status_code="OK"

             at src/root_span_builder.rs:16

LemmyError { message: None, inner: Request error: error sending request for url (https://beehaw.org/u/Jattatak): operation timed out

Caused by:

    0: error sending request for url (https://beehaw.org/u/Jattatak): operation timed out

    1: operation timed out, context: "SpanTrace" }

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

from the logs it seems that lemmy docker does not communicate with outside servers.

also i have a bit different config for lemmy.hjson

{
  # for more info about the config, check out the documentation
  # https://join-lemmy.org/docs/en/administration/configuration.html

  setup: {
    # username for the admin user
    admin_username: "adminuser"
    # password for the admin user
    admin_password: "adminpassword"
    # name of the site (can be changed later)
    site_name: "group.lt"
  }

  opentelemetry_url: "http://otel:4317"



  # the domain name of your instance (eg "lemmy.ml")
  hostname: "group.lt"
  # address where lemmy should listen for incoming requests
  bind: "0.0.0.0"
  # port where lemmy should listen for incoming requests
  port: 8536
  # settings related to the postgresql database
  # address where pictrs is available
pictrs: {
    url: "http://pictrs:8080/"
    # api_key: "API_KEY"
}
  database: {
    # name of the postgres database for lemmy
    database: "lemmy"
    # username to connect to postgres
    user: "lemmy"
    # password to connect to postgres
    password: "lemmy"
    # host where postgres is running
    host: "postgres"
    # port where postgres can be accessed
    port: 5432
    # maximum number of active sql connections
    pool_size: 5
  }
#  # optional: email sending configuration
  email: {
#    # hostname and port of the smtp server
    smtp_server: "postfix:25"
    smtp_from_address: "[email protected]"
    tls_type: false
  }


}

also check in admin interface if federation is enabled and you do not blacklist instances

(https://lemmy.bulwarkob.com/admin) and maybe you can try to enable federation debug mode for awhile

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

The differences I see are the otel link, and the TLS setting:

  # Whether the site is available over TLS. Needs to be true for federation to work.
  tls_enabled: true

I see you dont have it on there, which I would assume means you cant be federated? I have added the otel link and enabled the debug mode. Federation is already enabled and the instance is set to "ALL". Still no luck on this end. Same status, except now im not getting any log errors in the container logs (Viewed from Portainer).

Including this in case it is a possible issue: federation enabled, host is lemmy.bulwarkob.com

Starting http server at 0.0.0.0:8536

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

also pictrs: { url: "http://pictrs:8080/" # api_key: "API_KEY" }

about tls setting - don't remember why i have removed it, but group.lt federates fine. not sure about what you mean instance set to ALL.

what about network isolation in portainer? maybe it is on?

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I see my Pictrs appears to be the same as what you had sent over. Protainer network isolation does not appear to be in place. All are bridged networks, and I would assume access issues would be more encompassing if that were a direct correlation to the issue. Im still betting on User Error for configuration so far. Being myself, of course.

[–] [email protected] 0 points 1 year ago (1 children)

well probably you are right about the user error, but from the logs it seems that it cannot reach other instances - can you enter the shell of the container and check if you are able to ping/curl https://group.lt for example? and network isolation is a checkbox in portainer, according to docs.

for the federation itself i have also experienced it not working, when my nginx config was pointing wrongly to lemmy and lemmy-ui depending on the headers.

as i have said before - i can reach your instance from my lemmy, but don't receive anything back.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 year ago (1 children)

It would seem it was called "Internal" as opposed to isolated on my Portainer. That appears to have been it though. I can get to other communities now. Still having disparity with posts and comments showing up, but Im hoping that will be something to update in time.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 year ago (1 children)
[–] [email protected] 3 points 1 year ago

I will endeavour to pay it forward by helping others if I can.