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tweet by Johann Hari: The core of addiction is not wanting to be present in life, because pour life is too painful a place to be. This is why imposing more pain or punishment on a person with an addiction problem actually makes their addiction worse.
At the risk of controversy-- and spoken as a ten year addict now clean for 25 years... I did not feel the motivation to get clean until I was made to fear the consequences of my own vile self centeredness, selfishness, and pain I was causing others and others in my own life. The stern judicial system played a strong role in helping me wake up.