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The Framework Laptop 13 is about to become one of the world’s first RISC-V laptops
(www.theverge.com)
This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
Connecting a GPU with just one PCIe lane isn't the biggest problem. You'll just slow down data exchange between the CPU and GPU (mostly loading textures and vertex positions).
If your game mostly relies on shaders and renders lots of rather static stuff, you'll mostly just get longer loading times but FPS shouldn't suffer too much.
Given how much modern games stream data in and out of VRAM, I think it would actually be quite a significant issue. Although, for modern games the 520M would probably be below minimum requirements anyway. It was just to illustrate my point.
It would be obviously "an issue" and drastically reduce performance in many cases, but compared to the buildin igpu, you'd probably still be able to get a much better performance for lots of applications.