Bookshop.org is apparently tackling Amazon in order to bring more profit to authors. Sounds great, right? Well, the issue is that the ebooks they sell are only available to be read in their app. They're not even available for downloading as LCP-protected ePubs able to be read in another LCP-supported reader. He really tries to avoid the questions asked by the journalist on the topic of DRM. Ironic how he then talks about allowing customers to own the eBook, while at the same time only allowing them to lease a license through his own store. See the following quotes:
What’s interesting about the music industry is that it got digitized first through Napster, which had no business model, and everyone was stealing everything. Then the iPod, and there was a fight over [digital rights management]. And Steve Jobs famously won the DRM fight with the iPod. And they said, “Just publish MP3s, DRM is never going to work,” and the music labels capitulated.
Then we moved to Spotify and we brought DRM back. Now, everybody has a streaming service that streams DRM music. So it goes. With video, broadly, DRM just won from the beginning. Everything was always DRM from the start. Books could go either way. A book is a PDF. I get a lot of galleys from authors who come on Decoder, and I just get PDFs with watermarks. And I’m like, “Why don’t books just work like this?”
But the publishers obviously want DRM. The Kindle file format is DRM to hell and back, and no one else can even read it. There are other formats, but you’re at the most Decoder question of all: you’re in a format war with a very late ‘90s DRM problem embedded in the heart of it. How do you think about that problem? Is it that we need a new format? Is it that the publishers need to give up on DRM because the people want to pay regardless of the existence of piracy? What is the shape of that conversation in 2025?
I have a slightly more nuanced view. I think that if you go out into the internet, about 80 percent of readers don’t notice or care. And 20 percent of them are adamantly and virulently against DRM. And then publishers, of course, are terrified of the Napster days happening to their industry. They don’t want it to all be piracy because the recording industry saw 80 percent of their revenue disappear when music went digital, and they’ve brought it back now with Spotify and streaming, and so now they’ve recovered. But it was a big blow. Publishers obviously don’t want that to happen.
I think that if there’s a system that allows people to own their books, ebooks, so they’re not leasing them but they actually own them. They don’t have to worry about a device taking them away from them or retailers taking their books away or making changes to their books after they’ve purchased them, which we’ve seen with ebooks. So they should own them, they should have control of the content and they should be portable. They should be able to put them on whatever device they want. I think that there should be a way to do that and still keep authors paid. Because completely removing every restriction and just being like, “Okay, we’re going to release the new Harry Potter book as a PDF and hope that people pay for it.” I think that they would suffer a massive loss of revenue.
And I particularly am concerned about authors even more than I care about publishing companies. Authors should get paid for their work. Artists should get paid for their work. Period. And so there should be a system for artists to be paid for the work of writing books and that needs to be preserved. But DRM was implemented based on Amazon’s designs and publishers working with Amazon to prevent piracy. And that happened in 2005, 2006, 2007. It’s been a long time. There’s new technologies out there. We can find a way to create portable, flexible ebooks that are owned that still make sure that the publishers and authors get paid.
That’s, I guess, my Holy Grail, and that’s not going to happen right away. But in five or 10 years, I would love to have the kind of clout that Steve Jobs had in saying, “This has to end or this has to change.” The thing is, before you get that kind of clout you actually have to have some customers. You have to have some readers so that the market will listen to you.
So what kind of files are you selling today?
They are almost all DRM protected using LCP DRM, which is a new standard, which is a great standard. But that’s because major publishers require it. And then we have a small selection of DRM-free ebooks that people will be able to buy and download and use on whatever device they want. And we’re going to be growing that DRM-free selection so that we end up with hopefully a catalog that is diverse and has maybe half DRM-free and half publisher-supported DRM.