@Mikina @possiblylinux127 microG is basically an open source replacement for GMS, it isn't as full as GMS and has less compatibility, but it manages to be enough for most things, sandboxing doesn't prevent tracking, microG deals with it in a better way
It does require signature spoofing (which can be securely implemented and is by CalyxOS and LineageOS, though there are insecure patches out there)
@Mikina @possiblylinux127 and yes it works without root it doesn't use it much less require it
it is sometimes given a privileged state in the OS as a system app, which is fine IMO, LineageOS and DivestOS can run it unprivileged just fine