Let's start with the easy:

• motors: the simplest electrical motor (a brushed linear motor) can be made of coiled wire and a battery (a battery will "ride" like a tiny train when placed inside a conductive coil and supplied contacts to it)

I mean to say that motors are simple. It only gets hard when they get very big or very special (or when power density gets high). Some people recycle some metal (or mine new metal if they really need to). Some metals are drawn into wire (copper), others supplied in blocks and sheets (steel, aluminum), some place has a CNC lathe, some place has a ball bearing factory, and thus it goes. If it's a permanent magnet motor, someone needs to make magnets too.

Obviously, trade and industry must exist - some place has raw materials, some place has favourable locations for energy production and storage, some place is preferred by people for living.

• solar panels: intermediate hardness, more precision is needed, but the manufacturing process is not impossibly heavy on machinery and knowledge... you need to cast silicon ingots, cut them into thin wafers, dope the wafers with other substances, deposit wires on them, assemble the cells into arrays with more wires, and seal them between glass or other transparent material, optionally adding a frame of aluminum or something else

...and if one doesn't have access to the tech to make solar cells, one can make solar concentrators and use solar power with heat engines. :)

• microchips (not your old-school transistor but memory and processors): level 9000 hard, a complicated supply chain is needed, the first questions of an anarchist might be "what level of hierarchy does this supply chain impose upon us?" and "what tech level can I climb onto without appreciable hierarchy?"

The machines to make microchips require extreme precision, lots of complicated engineering and cost a fortune. Nobody will ever let a J Random Hacker tinker with them (risk of damage to the machine), but a great number of random hackers insisting on independence from the Great Chip Collective - they could build their own chip-making ecosystem. Maybe it won't make fast or tiny chips, but it will make some kind of chips - maybe not enough to model the planet's climate or predict protein folding - but enough to run most industrial machines.

Hi! Fabber here with a love for DIY and open hardware and who wants to free the world of proprietary techs.

First thing to realize is that the process to produce these things is not magic. They are known, available and free to use. You can create (vastly inefficient and oversized) transistors, solar cells, batteries or motors in your garage. It is actually kind of a sport in the hackerspace community to show how far you can go in building your own stuff.

In order to get better quality, you will need to automate these manual processes and build the machines that create the components. Turns out people are on it too. The 3d printing movement did not deliver its promises (yet) but it did deliver a set of sturdy and cheap open frameworks to build small scale machines.

From there you have people going in both direction: making tools to create more complex components and also exploring how to create the simpler ingredients (like copper wire for the motor windings).

Economy of scale will also make sense in an anarchist society so I do think we would still settle on one big machines for one component that feeds a whole area, but it being open, it being easily duplicable, would make a lot of experiments possible, would allow people to tune the production for their specific needs and who knows, at one point we may reach the point where it makes sense to have modular factories (able to produce a lot of different things, at a lower pace) spread over the world rather than mass-producing factories (produces very fast but only one type of item) feeding the whole world market.

I am pushing for tinkerers to get more interested in machines design, in automation design. We need open source factories that can produce the components of open source factories. That's the seed I am working towards.