https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-10-02-0065
I paste this everywhere because the narrative of lies has been ubiquitous:
There was one difficulty however of a serious nature attending an immediate choice by the people. The right of suffrage was much more diffusive in the Northern than the Southern States; and the latter could have no influence in the election on the score of the Negroes. The substitution of electors obviated this difficulty and seemed on the whole to be liable to fewest objections.
This was James Madison, ie the guy who came up with it. It exists to launder slave votes through their owners, nothing more.
We should have ended it after the civil war at least, definitely when we ended Jim Crow. It is an abomination and stain on our country's history.
If you are genuinely concerned about the power of low-population, rural states, that is absolutely a discussion we can have, though the Senate already massively favors rural states to a ludicrously disproportionate degree.
But what we have now is literally a system that rewards southern states that disenfranchise as many voters as they can in a sick continuation of the vile legacy of Jim Crow.