this post was submitted on 02 Jul 2024
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submitted 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago) by [email protected] to c/[email protected]
 

Hi all!

So I want to get back into self hosting, but every time I have stopped is because I have lack of documentation to fix things that break. So I pose a question, how do you all go about keeping your setup documented? What programs do you use?

I have leaning towards open source software, so things like OneNote, or anything Microsoft are out of the question.


Edit: I didn't want to add another post and annoy people, but had another inquiry:

What ReverseProxy do you use? I plan to run a bunch of services from docker, and would like to be able to reserve an IP:Port to something like service.mylocaldomain.lan

I already have Unbound setup on my PiHole, so I have the ability to set DNS records internally.

Bonus points if whatever ReverseProxy setup can accomplish SSL cert automation.

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[–] [email protected] 9 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I run a k3s cluster for selfhosted apps and keep all the configuration and docs in a git repo. That way I have history of changes and can rollback if needed. In that repo I have a docs folder with markdown documents about common operations and runbooks.

There are other ways to do this, but I like keeping docs next to the code and config so I can update them all at the same time. Deployed several wikis in the past but always forget to update them when I change things.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (3 children)

I really should spend time familiarizing with maintaining a git repo. I'll likely find one I can self host.

[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 months ago (1 children)

https://forgejo.org selfhosted has been good for me, FOSS fork of Gitea.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago

Thank you for the suggestion. The fact that it's FOSS wins my vote. I have been trying to go all open source where possible.

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[–] [email protected] 8 points 4 months ago (2 children)

I'm a grumpy linux greybeard type, so I went with... plain text files.

Everything is deployed via docker, so I've got a docker-compose.yml for each stack, and any notes or configuration things specific to that app is a comment in the compose file. Those are all backed up in a couple of places, since all I need to do is drop them on a filesystem, and bam, complete restoration.

Reverse proxy is nginx, because it's reliable, tested, proven, works, and while it might not have all those fancy auto-config options other things have, it also doesn't automatically configure itself into a way that I'd prefer it didn't, either.

I don't use any tools like portainer or dockge or nginx proxy manager at this point, because dealing with what's just a couple of config files on the filesystem is faster (for me) and less complicated (again, for me) than adding another layer of software on top (and it keeps your attack surface small).

My one concession to gui shit for the docker is an install of dozzle because it certainly makes dealing with docker logs simple, and it simplifies managing the ~40 stacks and ~85 containers that I've got setup at the moment.

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[–] [email protected] 7 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)
  • caddyserver for reverse proxy
  • docker-compose for ~75% of documentation
  • logseq for notes, though I don’t keep much.

Docker and docker-compose are nice because every service you want to run follows the same basic pattern. You don’t need much documentation beyond the project docs and the compose files themselves

Edit: caddyserver can do automatic certs, even behind a firewall if you set up the api call method. Varies by registrar

[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 months ago (1 children)

So I want to get back into self hosting, but every time I have stopped is because I have lack of documentation to fix things that break. So I pose a question, how do you all go about keeping your setup documented? What programs do you use?

Joplin or Obsidian? Or... plain markdown files with your favorite text editor.

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[–] [email protected] 5 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I use markdown text files which are synced to my nextcloud instance.

This is somewhat tangential to your post, but I think using infrastructure as code and declarative technologies is great for reliability because you aren't just running a bunch of commands until something works, you have the code which tells you exactly how things are set up, and you can version control it to roll back to a working state. The code itself can be a form of documentation in that case.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I think I need to utilize this strategy because I get lazy and don't update external documentation.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Some examples of technologies which follow that paradigm are docker compose, ansible, nixOS and terraform. But it all depends on your workflow.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I think I am going down the docker compose route. When I started using docker, I didn't use compose, however, now I plan to. Though, Ansible has been on my list of things to learn, as well as nixOS.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Another suggestion for you, I highly recommend specifying a version for the docker image you are using for a container, in the compose file. For example, nextcloud:29.0.1. If you just use :latest, it will pull a new version whenever you redeploy which you may not have tested against your setup, and the version upgrade may even be irreversible, as in the case of nextcloud. This will give you a lot more control over your setup. Just don't forget to update images at reasonable intervals.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

That is good advice, and honestly never really occurred to me to set specific versions for containers.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 4 months ago (1 children)

You could try Logseq, it's like Obsidian but open source. I use Obsidian for most notes and I also have a personal wiki built with Otterwiki.

I use NGINX for my reverse proxy, you could check out NGINX Proxy Manager which uses Certbot to automate the SSL certificates.

I've heard a lot of people also like Caddy and Traefik. Can't remember which is easier to use, maybe Caddy.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I will likely dabble with Logseq.

I used NGINX Proxy Manager for a while, then had some issues that ultimately killed my homelab setup, so not sure that I want to go down that route again, or if I want to investigate Caddy, Traefik, or another.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

Yeah, I could never get NPM to work right on my system either. I use the NGINX Docker image and set up my certs manually.

If I were to do it all over again today, I would probably go with Caddy since it now has a bunch of that stuff built in with automatic HTTPS by default and the basic reverse proxy setup is literally 2 lines of code.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 4 months ago (1 children)

My documentation problem was largely fixed by using Nixos. The actual OS instances are self-documenting that way.

As far as the documentation for the network setup itself goes, a simple wiki does the rest of the trick for me.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago

I still want to get familiarized with NixOS and the concepts behind it. Just haven't taken the time.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 4 months ago (2 children)

My documentation is a folder with the docker compose files I am using. And some notes in Nextcloud Notes if needed.

My reverse proxy is Traefik, since it's docker aware. :)

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

Came to write basically this. I would try caddy but my compose file is 600 lines long now and half of that is traefik labels, I can't be arsed with the migration.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Traefik or Caddy are the 2 I am bouncing back and forth between currently. I may spin up a nextcloud instance.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

This might be a bit late, but from my perception Traefik has a touch more of a learning curve, but it integrates much better with solutions like Authlia/Authentik and Prometheus than Caddy does.

I might be wrong, I've never used Caddy, but that's my perception.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago

Good to know. Thank you!

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

I'm adding documentation about what I do in Joplin and I'm using Nextcloud to keep it synced.

For reverse proxy I use Nginx Proxy Manager for its simplicity. I really don't need anything more fancy.. https://nginxproxymanager.com/

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago) (1 children)

Personally I use Linkwarden for keeping snapshots of websites as well as a bookmark manager and Memos for a simple note-taking app. Both can be installed on mobile as PWAs, so it makes it easier to access on-the-go.

I'm using Nginx Proxy Manager, which I highly recommend for new users due to how simple it is get set up and running! NPM renews SSL certs automatically before they expire as well (afaik). You just gotta make sure that your different Docker containers' ports don't collide with each other.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Today I learned about Linkwarden, and I am so excited to check it out. Thank you!

NPM I did use, however it was ultimately the catalyst as to why I quit homelabbing. But when it did work, it was simple even for SSL cert renewal.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

I hope you have fun with Linkwarden!

If you don't mind me asking, why did NPM push you to quitting homelabbing?

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago

I ran into an issue where I changed nothing, and all of a sudden none of my SSL certs worked on top of most of the hosts were not working through the reverse proxy. I had not even changed ip addresses on any of them. I am not sure what was going on.

It was more of a "I didn't want to troubleshoot" and gave up, so I shut down my servers.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago (1 children)
  • ansible playbook for automated/self-documenting setup
  • for one-off bugs or ongoing/long-term problems, open an issue on my gitea instnce and track the investigations and solutions there.
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[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

I have an Ansible playbook that I use to setup everything and all troubleshooting steps I ever had to take to fix something get written down in an Obsidian.md vault.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

I write everything in markdown, and I mean just about everything. Tech notes, recipes, work procedures, shopping lists...everything. If you check my comment history from today, you can see a quick example of the kind of tech notes I keep (firewalld in this case).

I keep all of my plain text files synced across multiple devices using Syncthing. For desktop editors, I use mostly vim and VSCodium (though Kate is nice too), and I use Markor on Android. This workflow has been highly efficient for many years now, and I no longer waste time constantly reviewing the latest note-taking app.

[–] lambda 3 points 4 months ago

I use obsidian for my notes/wiki. I use the git plugin to backup/sync my notes. I self-host forgejo as my gut server. Works great!

Caddy is my favorite reverse-proxy. The setup is just a config file.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Traefik for reverse proxy. Tag your container with the route and let traefik take over.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 4 months ago (2 children)

I think Traefik is going to be what I investigate using. However the last time I tried, I was a little lost. I will have to comb over the documentation better this time.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 months ago

Traefik is powerful and versatile but has a steep learning curve. It also uses code to control its configuration which is a bonus for reliability and documentation as discussed elsewhere ITT. Nginx proxy manager is much simpler and easier to use, may be a good one to get started with, but lacks the advantages of traefik described above. Nginx proxy manager does support SSL cert automation.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

Jim's garage has some videos on it.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago

Wiki.js Nginx Proxy Manager.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

i recently made the switch from doing k3s+flux to have everything in code with bundlewrap and anemos/makeimg

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago (1 children)

Right now, I’m using Obsidian. I think I’d like to transition to keeping docs in a wiki, but I worry that it’s part of the self-hosted infrastructure. In other words, if the wiki’s down, I no longer have the docs that I need to repair the wiki.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 4 months ago

I have looked at Obsidian, it looks nice, but the closed source part is why I can't personally use it. Though, from discussions I have seen Logseq be thrown out when talking about similar software.

The wiki idea is a good one. The way to handle that is to have the wiki backed up incrementally.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

OPNSense router handles auto SSL certificate renewals, Unbound (DNS) and HA Proxy ( for reverse proxy ).

Gitea instance for all of my docker-compose configs and documentation.

Joplin server and Joplin clients for easy notes available on all my devices.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

StandardNotes for me

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

I've been using YunoHost for some time. Cosmos seems good, too. Both do most of the stuff for you and should come with documentation. I think that's the way to go if you can't set it all up yourself, or lack time to maintain it.

I've also used Docker containers and plain Debian. I use NGinx as a reverse proxy.

I document things in text files (markdown). At some point it'd like to upload them with something like mkdocs or to a wiki. But since it's just me, having them just sitting in a directory on my laptop is fine.

Use something that's super accessible so you'll actually use it. I often just dump random thoughts or commands I executed into the textfiles and I have my text editor open all the time anyways. And then on the server I eiter use Ctrl+R and search through the shell history, or search in my documents. Doesn't need to be fancy, grep -rni "keyword" does it for me.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

I use nginx for reverse proxy. You can get certbot working to automate ssl fairly easily. There is a learning curve, but most services I use have documentation for hosting their stuff with it.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

Acronyms, initialisms, abbreviations, contractions, and other phrases which expand to something larger, that I've seen in this thread:

Fewer Letters More Letters
DNS Domain Name Service/System
Git Popular version control system, primarily for code
HA Home Assistant automation software
~ High Availability
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the Web
IP Internet Protocol
SSH Secure Shell for remote terminal access
SSL Secure Sockets Layer, for transparent encryption
VPS Virtual Private Server (opposed to shared hosting)
nginx Popular HTTP server

8 acronyms in this thread; the most compressed thread commented on today has 8 acronyms.

[Thread #845 for this sub, first seen 2nd Jul 2024, 16:15] [FAQ] [Full list] [Contact] [Source code]

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

One day, I moved all services I really wanted from a couple of random VPS to a nice little proxmox machine at home (and then added some more services, of course). That was the day I swore to document stuff better, and I'm pretty satisfied with how well I was able to keep up with that.

In the proxmox web interface, you can leave notes per container. I note down which service the container is running including a link to the service's web interface if applicable, plus the source, and a note about how it auto-updates (green check mark emoji) or if it requires manual updates (handiman emoji).

Further I made a concious effort to document everything into a gollum wiki running on that proxmox host (exposes a wiki like web interface, stores all entries as plaintext .md files into a local git repo - very "portable"). Most importantly, it also includes a page of easy to understand emergency measures in case I die or become unresponsive, which I regularly print out and put into a folder with other important documents. The page contains a QR code linking to itself on the wiki too in case the printed version might be outdated here or there.

The organization of the wiki itself (what goes into which folder) is a bit of a work in progress, but as it offers full text search, that's not too much of a problem imo.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 months ago

I have a couple Libre Office files where I document the non-technical stuff for my own quick reference, like network layout in Draw, or IP and port assignments in Calc. I use a git repo to store and organize podman scripts, systemd unit files, configs, etc. Probably not the most elegant solution, but it's simple and FOSS.

Reverse proxy is Nginx Proxy Manager.

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