this post was submitted on 04 Sep 2023
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What is this thing?
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Kinda sorta, a similar idea at least, but not the same pin configuration on the input end.
It's likely to be academic. This is most likely a semi-proprietary breakout cable for some piece of consumer gear, either a camcorder, laptop, early capture card, or similar. There were oodles of these damn things in the late 90's and early 2000's, and various manufacturers did their own things with the pin layout on the device side of the cable. There was no standard. I had several ATI capture cards that had similar ports on them, for instance, which went to ATI specific breakout boxes for composite and S-Video but would not accept a normal S-Video cable in and of themselves. Other video cards had "TV Out" ports that would connect to vendor specific breakout cables that went to composite, S-Video, and sometimes even component. And some of these while mechanically similar or even identical also were not electrically identical, just to be annoying. So you can't trust one cable to work with another device even if the plug is the same shape with the same number of pins...
Anyone interested could easily ring this out with a multimeter and figure out what the pinout is, but that may not necessarily help in determining what gadget it was originally meant to work with. If OP doesn't have whatever piece of hardware this came with, it's unlikely to be useful for anything. (And the DIN plug is not the same layout as the Sega Genesis 2 video port, either, which was my second thought.) Some pins on this may even be unused and just there for keying, or so the manufacturer could use a commodity plug, because S-Video + Composite should only need at most 6 pins even if every signal has its own separate ground.
Testing with the multimeter, the outer pins of the 7-pin connector are 1-to-1 with the pins in the same places of the 4-pin connector. I read the wikipedia article on mini din connectors more carefully, and there is an indication that this scheme was sometimes used to have a socket which could accept either an S-video cable or the proprietary one. However, the keys don't look compatible. The key on the 7-pin is both wider and thinner than on the 4-pin.
the center pin of the row of 3 connects to the pin of the rca connector, and the ring of all 3 connectors are connected together. The center two pins of the row of 4 are not connected.
That pinout matches this port:
https://www.techpowerup.com/articles/other/97
So this is probably intended as a video out cable, rather than video in. The extra pins may go into unused holes in the port, or pass into the rectangular hollow in it where the keying peg would usually go. If not for an ATI card or port like this, it's certainly for something similar. Notably, neither your cable nor this port carry a component video signal which was typical for later nVidia cards and their ilk.
Likely Solved
Of the options people have presented, a video card is by far the most likely for us to have owned at the era those options are from. The two-way arrow symbol on the connectors does give a little bit of doubt, but it seems pretty clear at this point that if I still owned the matching product, I wouldn't use it, and that's enough info for my needs